Gatha | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation

List of Abbreviations

# bhadro pi passati papaj yava bhadraj na paccati

# yada ca paccati bhadraj atha bhadro bhadrani passati

# (DhP 120)

Sentence Translation:

A good person may even see evil [in his good deeds] as long as the goodness has not ripened.
When the goodness has ripened, then the good person sees those good deeds.

Sentence Structure:
List of Abbreviations

bhadro pi passati papaj yava bhadraj na paccati
| | | | | | | |
N.m. conj. V.act.in. N.n. Rel.Adv. N.n. neg. V.pas.in.
Nom.Sg. | 3.Sg.pres. Acc.Sg. | Nom.Sg. | 3.Sg.pres.
| | |________| | | |_______|
| |__________| | |________|
|_____________| |_____________|
|______________________________|

List of Abbreviations

yada ca paccati bhadraj atha bhadro bhadrani passati
| | | | | | | |
Rel.Adv. conj. V.pas.in. N.n. Adv. N.m. N.n. V.act.in.
| | 3.Sg.pres. Nom.Sg. | Nom.Sg. Acc.Pl. 3.Sg.pres.
| | |_______| | | |_______|
| |__________| | |___________|
|______________| |___________|
|_____________________________|

Vocabulary and Grammar:
List of Abbreviations

bhadro: bhadra-, Adj.: good, beneficial. As an N.m.: good person. Nom.Sg. = bhadro.

pi, conj.: also, even.

passati: sees. The verb root is dis- (to see). 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = passati.

papaj: papa-, Adj.: evil, wrong. As an N.n.: evil, wrong doing. Acc.Sg. = papaj.

yava, Rel.Adv.: as long as, as far as.

bhadraj: bhadra-, Adj.: good, beneficial. As an N.n.: good deed, something bringing benefit.
Nom.Sg. = bhadraj.

na, neg.: not.

paccati, V.: to be cooked, fig.: to ripe. It is a pas. of the verb pac- (to cook). 3.Sg.pas.in.pres. = paccati.

List of Abbreviations

yada, Rel.Adv.: when.

ca, conj.: and.

paccati: see above.

bhadraj: see above.

atha, Adv.: then.

bhadro: see above.

bhadrani: bhadra-, Adj.: good, beneficial. As an N.n.: good deed, something bringing benefit.
Acc.Pl. = bhadrani.

passati: see above.

List of Abbreviations

This verse consists of two syntactically separate sentences. They are:
1) bhadro pi passati papaj yava bhadraj na paccati (a good person may even see evil [in his good deeds] as long as the goodness has not ripened). This can be further analyzed into two segments:
a) bhadro pi passati papaj (a good person may even see evil [in his good deeds]). The subject of this sentence is the adjective/noun bhadro (good person, nominative singular). The verb is passati (sees, 3rd person, singular, active, indicative, present tense). The object is the adjective/noun papaj (evil, accusative singular). The sentence is modified by the conjunction pi (even).
b) yava bhadraj na paccati (as long as the goodness has not ripened). The subject is the adjective/noun bhadraj (goodness, nominative singular). The verb is in passive, paccati (has ripened, 3rd person, singular, passive, indicative, present tense). It is negated by the negative particle na (not). The relative adverb yava (as long as) connects this segment to the previous one.
2) yada ca paccati bhadraj atha bhadro bhadrani passati (when the goodness has ripened, then the good person sees those good deeds). This contains two related sentences:
a) yada ca paccati bhadraj (when the goodness has ripened). The subject is the adjective/noun bhadraj (goodness, nominative singular). The verb is in passive, paccati (has ripened, 3rd person, singular, passive, indicative, present tense). The relative adverb yada (when) introduces the sentence and connects it to the following one. The conjunction ca (and) serves mainly for metrical purposes.
b) atha bhadro bhadrani passati (then the good person sees those good deeds). The subject of this sentence is the adjective/noun bhadro (good person, nominative singular). The verb is passati (sees, 3rd person, singular, active, indicative, present tense). The object is the adjective/noun bhadrani (good deeds, accusative plural). The adverb atha (then) introduces the sentence and connects it to the previous one.

Commentary:

The story for this verse is identical with the story for the previous verse.
Sometimes it seems that people, who are committing evil deeds are lucky and enjoy happy life, whereas those, who are good and perform only meritorious deeds suffer the most. But at the end, the results of the deeds will ripe and when the time comes to that, the evildoer will finally receive the fruit of his evil deeds and the good person will be able to see the results of his beneficial actions.

Sentence pronunciation:

Sentence pronunciation

Word pronunciation:

bhadro
pi
passati
papaj
yava
bhadraj
na
paccati
yada
ca
atha
bhadrani