Gatha | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation

List of Abbreviations

# vajjaj ca vajjato batva avajjaj ca avajjato

# sammaditthisamadana satta gacchanti sugatij

# (DhP 319)

Sentence Translation:

Having known the fault as the fault, non-faulty as non-faulty,
believing in right theories, the beings go to a pleasurable existence.

Sentence Structure:
List of Abbreviations

vajjaj ca vajjato batva avajjaj ca avajjato
| | | | | | |
N.n. conj. Adv. V.ger. N.n. conj. Adv.
Acc.Sg. | | | Acc.Sg. | |
| | |_____| |_____|_____|
|_________|_______| |__|
|_____| |
|_______________________|______________________________________

List of Abbreviations

samma+ditthi+samadana satta gacchanti sugatij
| | | | | |
Adv. N.f. Adj.m. N.m. V.act.in. N.f.
|________| Nom.Pl. Nom.Pl. 3.Pl.pres. Acc.Sg.
|____________| | |________|
|_____________| |
|__________________|

Vocabulary and Grammar:
List of Abbreviations

vajjaj: vajja-, N.n.: fault, what should be avoided. Acc.Sg. = vajjam.

ca, conj.: and.

vajjato, Adv.: as a fault. The noun vajja- (see above) is changed into an adverb by the suffix to- (an ablative singular ending).

batva, V.ger.: having known. The verb root is ba- (to know).

avajjaj: avajja-, N.n.: what is not fault, what does not have to be avoided. It is the word vajja-, N.n. (see above), negated by the negative prefix a-. Acc.Sg. = avajjaj.

ca: see above.

avajjato, Adv.: as a "non-fault", as that which is not a fault. The word vajjato (see above) negated by the negative prefix a-.

List of Abbreviations

sammaditthisamadana: sammaditthisamadana-, Adj.: believing in right theories. It is a compound of:
samma, Adv,: rightly, properly.
ditthi-, N.f.: view, belief, theory, idea. It is derived from the verb root dis- (to see).
samadana-, N.m.: undertaking, taking upon oneself. The verb root is da- (to give) with the prefixes sam- (completely) and a- (towards).
Nom.Pl.m. = sammaditthisamadana.

satta: satta-, N.m.: being. Nom.Pl. = satta.

gacchanti, V.: goes. The verb root is gam-. 3.Pl.in.act.pres. = gacchanti.

sugatij: sugati-, N.f.: a good existence, a desirable rebirth. Composed of:
su-, pref.: good, easy.
gati-, N.f.: existence, rebirth. It is derived from the verb root gam- (to go).
Acc.Sg. = sugatij.

List of Abbreviations

This verse consists of three connected sentences. They are:
1) vajjaj ca vajjato batva (having known the fault as the fault). The subject is omitted; the subject from the third sentence is implied. The verb is in the gerund, batva (having known). It has an attribute, the adverb vajjato (as the fault). The object is the noun vajjaj (fault, accusative singular). The conjunction ca (and) connects this sentence to the following one.
2) avajjaj ca avajjato (non-faulty as non-faulty). The subject is omitted; the subject from the third sentence is implied. The verb is also omitted, implying the gerund batva from the previous sentence. It has an attribute, the adverb avajjato (as non-faulty). The object is the noun avajjaj (non-faulty, accusative singular). The conjunction ca (and) connects this sentence to the previous one.
3) sammaditthisamadana satta gacchanti sugatij (believing in right theories, the beings go to a pleasurable existence). The subject is the noun satta (beings, nominative plural). It has an attribute, the adjective compound sammaditthisamadana (believing in right theories, nominative plural). The verb is gacchanti (go, 3rd person, plural, active, indicative, present tense). The object is the noun sugatij (to a pleasurable existence, accusative singular).

Commentary:

The story for this verse is identical with the one for the previous verse (DhP 318).
In order to ascertain a good future existence, both in this life and in the next one, we must always understand and distinguish right from wrong, good from bad. We also must use our understanding and insight to be able to decide which is which. Without this understanding we might choose wrongly and believe the good to be bad and vice versa. In this way, our future existence will not be good.

Sentence pronunciation:

Sentence pronunciation

Word pronunciation:

vajjaj
ca
vajjato
batva
avajjaj
avajjato
sammaditthisamadana
samma
ditthi
samadana
satta
gacchanti
sugatij