Gatha | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure
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List of Abbreviations

# saritani sinehitani ca somanassani bhavanti jantuno

# te satasita sukhesino te ve jatijarupaga nara

# (DhP 341)

Sentence Translation:

People experience joy that is flowing in from the senses and is full of desires.
Those people attached to pleasure and desiring happiness, will undergo birth and old age.

Sentence Structure:
List of Abbreviations

saritani sinehitani ca somanassani bhavanti jantuno
| | | | | |
Adj.n. Adj.n. conj. N.n. V.act.in. N.m.
Nom.Pl. Nom.Pl. | Nom.Pl. 3.Pl.pres. Gen.Sg.
|__________| | | |_______|
|___________| | |
|____________| |
|__________________|

List of Abbreviations

te sata+sita sukha+esino te ve jati+jara+upaga nara
| | | | | | | | | | |
Pron.m. N.n. Adj.m. N.n. Adj.m. Pron.m. part. N.f. N.f. Adj.m. N.m.
Nom.Pl. | Nom.Pl. | Nom.Pl. Nom.Pl. | |___| Nom.Pl. Nom.Pl.
| |____| |_____| |______| |______| |
| |___________| | | |
|________________|___________________|___________|__________|
|_______| |
|__________________________________|

Vocabulary and Grammar:
List of Abbreviations

saritani: sarita-, Adj. flowing, set into motion. It is a p.p. of the verb root sar- (to flow).
Nom.Pl.n. = saritani.

sinehitani: sinehita-, Adj.: lustful, full of desire. It is a p.p. of the verb root sineh-, to lust, to desire. Nom.Pl.n. = sinehitani.

ca, conj.: and.

somanassani: somanassa-, N.n.: happiness, joy, delight. Nom.Pl. = somanassani.

bhavanti, V.: are. The verb root is bhu- (to be). 3.Pl.act.in.pres. = bhavanti.

jantuno: jantu-, N.m.: being, person, man. Gen.Sg. = jantuno.

te: tat-, Pron.: that. Masculine form sa. Nom.Pl. = te.

List of Abbreviations

satasita: satasita-, Adj.: attached to pleasure. It is a compound of:
sata-, N.n.: pleasure, joy.
sita-, Adj.: attached to, clinging to. It is a p.p. of the verb root si- (to lay)
Nom.Pl. = satasita.

sukhesino: sukhesin-, Adj.: desiring happiness. It is a compound of:
sukha-, N.n.: happiness.
esin-, Adj.: seeking, wishing, desiring. It is an a.pr.p. of the verb root is- (to desire, to want).
Euphonic combination: sukha- + esin- = sukhesin-.
Nom.Pl.m. = sukhesino.

List of Abbreviations

te: see above.

ve, part.: indeed.

jatijarupaga: jatijarupaga-, Adj.: undergoing birth and old age. It is a compound of:
jati-, N.f.: birth, rebirth.
jara-, N.f.: old age.
upaga-, Adj.: experiencing, coming to, undergoing. It is derived from the verb root gam- (to go) with the prefix upa- (near, close).
Euphonic combination: jara- + upaga- = jarupaga-.
Nom.Pl.m. = jatijarupaga.

nara: nara-, N.m.: man, person. Nom.Pl. = nara.

List of Abbreviations

This verse consists of two syntactically separate sentences. They are:
1) saritani sinehitani ca somanassani bhavanti jantuno (people experience joy that is flowing in from the senses and is full of desires). The subject is the noun somanassani (joys, nominative plural). It has two attributes, the adjectives saritani (flowing, nominative plural) and sinehitani (full of desires, nominative plural). They are connected by the conjunction ca (and). The verb is bhavanti (are, 3rd person, plural, active, indicative, present tense). The object is the noun jantuno (of a person, genitive singular).
2) te satasita sukhesino te ve jatijarupaga nara (those people attached to pleasure and desiring happiness, will undergo birth and old age). The subject is the noun nara (people, nominative plural). It has three attributes: a) the pronoun te (they, nominative plural), b) the compound satasita (attached to pleasure, nominative plural), c) the compound sukhesino (desiring happiness, nominative plural) and d) the second pronoun te (they, nominative plural). This last word is stressed by the particle ve (indeed). The verb is omitted, implying the verb "to be". The object is the compound jatijarupaga (undergoing birth and old age, nominative plural).

Commentary:

The story for this verse is identical with the one for the three previous verses (DhP 338, Dhp 339 and Dhp 340) and for the two following verses (DhP 342 and DhP 343).
Our senses bring in all kinds of data. We are attached to the pleasures coming from these senses. Because of that, we create positive and negative karma and this karma will come into fruition in the future as more births and deaths for us. The solution is to cut off the attachment to this pleasure and with equanimity concentrate on the highest goal, the Awakenment.

Sentence pronunciation:

Sentence pronunciation

Word pronunciation:

saritani
sinehitani
ca
somanassani
bhavanti
jantuno
te
satasita
sata
sita
sukhesino
sukha
esino
ve
jatijarupaga
jati
jara
upaga
nara