Gatha | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure
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List of Abbreviations

# pathavisamo no virujjhati indakhil'upamo tadi subbato

# rahado va apetakaddamo sajsara na bhavanti tadino

# (DhP 95)

Sentence Translation:

Such a one, who is not obstructed, just like the earth, who is similar to the Indra's stake, who is virtuous,
who is like a lake without mud - for such a one there is no more round of rebirth.

Sentence Structure:
List of Abbreviations

pathavi+samo no virujjhati inda+khila+upamo tadi subbato
| | | | | | | | |
N.f. Adj.m. neg. V.pas.in. N.m. N.m. Adj.m. Adj.m. Adj.m.
| Nom.Sg. | 3.Sg.pres. |_____| Nom.Sg. Nom.Sg. Nom.Sg.
|________| |______| |________| | |
|___________|_________________|___________|________|_________I.
|____|
|_________________________________________________II.

List of Abbreviations

rahado va apeta+kaddamo sajsara na bhavanti tadino
| | | | | | | |
N.m. part. Adj. N.m. N.m. neg. V.act.in. Adj.m.
Nom.Sg. | | Nom.Sg. Nom.Pl. | 3.Pl.pres. Gen.Sg.
| | |_______| | |______| |
|________|_________| | |___________|
|__| |_____________|
I.______| |
II.___________________________________|

Vocabulary and Grammar:
List of Abbreviations

pathavisamo: pathavisama-, Adj.: just like the earth. It is a compound of:
pathavi-, N.f.: earth, ground. The compound form = pathavi-.
sama-, Adj.: same, just like, equal.
Nom.Sg.m. = pathavisamo.

no, neg.: not. It is the particle na (see below), strengthened by adding the particle u; na + u = no.

virujjhati, V.: is obstructed. The verb root is rudh- (to prevent, to obstruct) with the prefix vi- (intensifying sense). 3.Sg.pas.in.pres. = virujjhati.

List of Abbreviations

indakhil'upamo: indakhil'upama-, Adj.: similar to the Indra's stake. It is a compound of:
indakhila-, N.m.: Indra's stake, a large slab of stone before the city gate or at
the entrance of the house, a symbol of strength and endurance.
inda-, N.m.: Indra, another name for Sakka, the chief of the gods.
khila-, N.m.: stake, post, column.
upama-, Adj.: similar to, like.
Euphonic combination: indakhila- + upama- = indakhil'upama-.
Nom.Sg.m. = indakhil'upamo.

tadi: tadin-, Adj.: such, of such qualities. Nom.Sg.m. = tadi.

subbato: subbata-, Adj.: virtuous, devout. It is the word vata-, N.m.: religious duty, precept, with the prefix su- (well). Euphonic combination: su- + vata- = subbata-. Nom.Sg.m. = subbato.

rahado: rahada-, N.m.: pond, lake. Nom.Sg. = rahado.

List of Abbreviations

va, part.: like, as.

apetakaddamo: apetakaddama-, Adj.: without mud. It is a compound of:
apeta-, Adj.: gone away, freed of, deprived of. It is p.p. of the verb i- (to go)
with the verb apa- (away).
kaddama-, N.m.: mud, filth, dirt.
Nom.Sg.m. = apetakaddamo.

sajsara: sajsara-, N.m.: perpetual wandering, round of rebirth. It is derived from the verb root sar- (to flow, to move along) with the prefix saj- (together). Thus sajsarati = to move about continuously.
Nom.Pl. = sajsara.

na, neg.: not.

bhavanti, V.: are. The verb root is bhu- (to be). 3.Pl.act.in.pres. = bhavanti.

tadino: tadin-, Adj.: see above. Gen.Sg.m. = tadino.

List of Abbreviations

This verse contains two sentences. They are:
1) pathavisamo no virujjhati indakhil'upamo tadi subbato rahado va apetakaddamo (such a one, who is not obstructed, just like the earth, who is similar to the Indra's stake, who is virtuous, who is like a lake without mud). The subject is the adjective tadi (such one, nominative singular). It has two attributes, the compound indakhil'upamo (similar to the Indra's stake, nominative singular) and the adjective subbato (virtuous, nominative singular). There are also two dependent clauses: a) pathavisamo no virujjhati (just like the earth [he] is not obstructed). The subject is the compound pathavisamo (just like the earth). The verb is virujjhati (is obstructed, 3rd person, singular, passive, indicative, present tense). It is negated by the negative particle no (not). b) rahado va apetakaddamo (just a lake without mud). The subject is the noun rahado (lake, nominative singular). It has the compound apetakaddamo (without mud, nominative singular) as an attribute. The particle va (as, like) connects the clause to the subject of the main sentence.
2) sajsara na bhavanti tadino (for such a one there is no more round of rebirth). The subject is the noun sajsara (rounds of rebirth, nominative plural). The verb is bhavanti (are, 3rd person, plural, active, indicative, present tense). It is negated by the negative particle na (not). The verb has an attribute, the adjective tadino (for such a one, genitive singular).

Commentary:

Once a certain monk approached the Buddha and complained, that Venerable Sariputta has abused and beaten him. The Buddha sent for Sariputta and asked him if it was true. Sariputta was extremely humble and replied, "I am like the earth, I feel no pleasure or pain, I am like a door mat, like a beggar, I am not attached to my body any more. How could I not apologize to a fellow monk for a wrong doing?"
The monk felt remorse and admitted that he accused Sariputta wrongly, because he was angry with him for some small matter. He asked Sariputta for pardon. The Buddha advised Sariputta to accept the apology. Sariputta pardoned the monk and also asked him to be forgiven if he had done anything wrong.
The Budha then spoke this verse, saying that an Arahant is like the earth, or like an Indra's stake - he is patient and firm, serene and pure like a clear lake.

Sentence pronunciation:

Sentence pronunciation

Word pronunciation:

pathavisamo
pathavi
samo
no
virujjhati
indakhil'upamo
indakhila
inda
khila
upamo
tadi
subbato
rahado
va
apetakaddamo
apeta
kaddamo
sajsara
na
bhavanti
tadino