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List of Abbreviations

# kamato jayati soko kamato jayati bhayaj

# kamato vippamuttassa natthi soko kuto bhayaj

# (DhP 215)

Sentence Translation:

From pleasure, grief is born. From pleasure, fear is born.
One freed from pleasure has no grief, whence fear?

Sentence Structure:
List of Abbreviations

kamato jayati soko kamato jayati bhayaj
| | | | | |
N.m. V.med.in. N.m. N.m. V.med.in. N.n.
Abl.Sg. 3.Sg.pres. Nom.Sg. Abl.Sg. 3.Sg.pres. Nom.Sg.
|_________| | |________| |
|_____________| |____________|

List of Abbreviations

kamato vippamuttassa na atthi soko kuto bhayaj
| | | | | | |
N.m. Adj.m. neg. V.act.in. N.m. Adv. N.n.
Abl.Sg. Gen.Sg. | 3.Sg.pres. Nom.Sg. | Nom.Sg.
|__________| |______| | |_____|
|________________| |________|
|_______________________|

Vocabulary and Grammar:
List of Abbreviations

kamato: kama-, N.m.: pleasure. Abl.Sg. = kamato.

jayati, V.: is born. The verb root is jan- (to be born). 3.Sg.med.in.pres. = jayati. The form jayati is sometimes used in poetry.

soko: soka-, N.m.: grief, sorrow. Nom.Sg. = soko.

kamato: see above.

jayati: see above.

bhayaj: bhaya-, N.n.: fear.

kamato: see above.

List of Abbreviations

vippamuttassa: vippamutta-, Adj.: emancipated, freed, released. It is a p.p. of the verb muc- (to release) with the prefixes vi- (meaning separation) and pa- (strengthening). Gen.Sg.m. = vippamuttassa.

na, neg.: not.

atthi, V.: is. The verb root is as- (to be). 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = atthi.
Euphonic combination: na + atthi = natthi.

soko: see above.

kuto, Adv.: Whence? Where from?

bhayaj: see above.

List of Abbreviations

This verse consists of three syntactically separate sentences. They are:
1) kamato jayati soko (from pleasure, grief is born). The subject is the noun soko (grief, nominative singular). The verb is jayati (is born, 3rd person, singular, medium, indicative, present tense). It has an attribute, the noun kamato (from pleasure, ablative singular).
2) kamato jayati bhayaj (from pleasure, fear is born). The subject is the noun bhayaj (fear, nominative singular). The verb is jayati (is born, 3rd person, singular, medium, indicative, present tense). It has an attribute, the noun kamato (from pleasure, ablative singular).
3) kamato vippamuttassa natthi soko kuto bhayaj (one freed from pleasure has no grief, whence fear?). This can be further analysed into two segments:
a) kamato vippamuttassa natthi soko (one freed from pleasure has no grief). The subject is the noun soko (grief, nominative singular). The verb is atthi (is, 3rd person, singular, active, indicative, present tense). It is negated by the negative particle na (not). The verb has an attribute, the past participle vippamuttassa (of the one who is freed, genitive singular). This word has also an attribute, the noun kamato (from pleasure, ablative singular).
b) kuto bhayaj (whence fear?). The subject is the noun bhayaj (fear, nominative singular). The verb is omitted, implying the verb "to be". The adverb kuto (whence?) can be seen as an attribute to this verb.

Commentary:

In Savatthi there lived a young man named Anitthi Gandha Kumara. He was to marry a beautiful young girl from Sagala. But the bride got ill and died on her way to his house. The man became very sad, grieving all the time.
The Buddha came to his house one day and after being offered almsfood, he asked for the reason of his sorrow. The young man told him the story of his ruined marriage. The Buddha replied him with this verse, saying that from pleasure and lust, only pain and sorrow can come out. The young man attained the first stage of Awakenment.

Sentence pronunciation:

Sentence pronunciation

Word pronunciation:
kamato
jayati
soko
bhayaj
vippamuttassa
na
atthi
kuto