Gatha | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation

List of Abbreviations

# yass'indriyani samathaj gatani assa yatha sarathina sudanta

# pahinamanassa anasavassa deva pi tassa pihayanti tadino

# (DhP 94)

Sentence Translation:

Whose senses are quieted, just like horses well tamed by the charioteer,
even the gods do envy such one, who has abandoned pride and is free from taints.

Sentence Structure:
List of Abbreviations

yassa indriyani samathaj gatani assa yatha sarathina sudanta
| | | | | | | |
Rel.Pron.m. N.n. N.m. Adj.n. N.m. Rel.Pron. N.m. Adj.m.
Gen.Sg. Nom.Pl. Acc.Sg. Nom.Pl. Nom.Pl. | Ins.Sg. Nom.Pl.
|_____________| |_______| | | |_______|
|__________________| |_______|____________|
| |_____|
|______________________________|
|__________________________________________

List of Abbreviations

pahina+manassa anasavassa deva pi tassa pihayanti tadino
| | | | | | | |
Adj. N.m. Adj.m. N.m. conj. Pron.m. V.act.in. Adj.m.
| Gen.Sg. Gen.Sg. Nom.Pl. | Gen.Sg. 3.Pl.pres. Gen.Sg.
|__________| | |_____| | | |
|_____________| |________|________| |
| | |________________|
|______________________|___________|
|______|
_____________________________|

Vocabulary and Grammar:
List of Abbreviations

yassa: yat-, Rel.Pron.: that, which. Gen.Sg.m. = yassa (whose).

indriyani: indriya-, N.n.: sense, faculty. Nom.Pl. = indriyani.

samathaj: samatha-, N.m.: calm, quietude. Acc.Sg. = samathaj.

gatani: gata-, Adj.: It is a p.p. of the verb gam- (to go). Nom.Pl.n. = gatani.

assa: assa-, N.m.: horse. Nom.Pl. = assa.

yatha, Rel.Adv.: just as, like.

sarathina: sarathi-, N.m.: charioteer (probably from sa+ratha-; ratha-, N.m.: chariot with the prefix sa-, with). Ins.Sg. = sarathina.

List of Abbreviations

sudanta: sudanta-, Adj.: well restrained, tamed, controlled. It is a p.p. of the verb dam- (to restrain, to control, to tame) with the prefix su- (well). Nom.Pl.m. = sudanta.

pahinamanassa: pahinamana-, Adj.: having abandoned pride. It is a compound of:
pahina-, Adj.: abandoned. It is a p.p. of the verb ha- (to leave, to give up)
with the strengthening prefix pa-.
mana-, N.m.: pride, conceit.
Gen.Sg.m. = pahinamanassa.

anasavassa: anasava-, Adj.: without taints. It is the word asava-, N.m.: taint, corruption; negated by the negative prefix a-. Gen.Sg.m. = anasavassa.

deva: deva-, N.m.: god, celestial being. Nom.Pl. = deva.

pi, conj.: also.

tassa: tad-, Pron.: that. Gen.Sg.m. = tassa.

pihayanti, V.: envy, covet. The verb root is pih-. 3.Pl.act.in.pres. = pihayanti.

tadino: tadin-, Adj.: such, of such qualities. Gen.Sg.m. = tadino.

List of Abbreviations

This verse consists of two related sentences. Each line contains one sentence.
In the first sentence the subject is the noun indriyani (senses, nominative plural). It has the relative adverb yassa (whose, genitive singular) as an attribute. The past participle gatani (gone, nominative plural) serves as the verb. The object is the noun samathaj (to calmness, accusative singular). There is a clause, assa yatha sarathina sudanta (like horses well tamed by the charioteer). The subject here is the noun assa (horses, nominative plural). The past participle sudanta (well tamed, nominative plural) serves as the verb. It has the noun sarathina (by the charioteer, instrumental singular) as an attribute. The relative adverb yatha (as, like) connects the clause to the main sentence.
The subject of the second sentence is the noun deva (gods, nominative plural). It is strengthened by the conjunction pi (also). The verb is pihayanti (envy, 3rd person, plural, active, indicative, present tense). The object is the pronoun tassa (lit. his, genitive singular). It has three attributes: the adjectives tadino (such one, genitive singular), pahinamanassa (of the one who has abandoned pride, genitive singular) and anasavassa (of the one who is free of taints, genitive singular).

Commentary:

One day Sakka, the chief of the gods, came to the monastery to pay homage to the Buddha. Venerable Maha Kaccayana was not in the monastery at that time and a seat was kept prepared for him. Sakka with the gods paid homage to the Buddha and then he declared his wish that Kaccayana would also be present so that he could pay homage also to him. At that moment Kaccayana arrived. Sakka was very happy and paid his respect to him.
Some monks accused Sakka of favoritism. Bu the Buddha replied with this verse, saying that who is restrained in his senses, even gods envy him his calm and respect him enormously.

Sentence pronunciation:

Sentence pronunciation

Word pronunciation:

yassa
indriyani
samathaj
gatani
assa
yatha
sarathina
sudanta
pahinamanassa
pahina
manassa
anasavassa
deva
pi
tassa
pihayanti
tadino