Gatha | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure
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List of Abbreviations

# mataraj pitaraj hantva rajano dve ca sotthiye

# veyyagghapabcamaj hantva anigho yati brahmano

# (DhP 295)

Sentence Translation:

Having killed mother, father and two Brahmin kings,
having killed the tiger as fifth, undisturbed walks the Brahmin.

Sentence Structure:
List of Abbreviations

mataraj pitaraj hantva rajano dve ca sotthiye
| | | | | | |
N.f. N.m. V.ger. N.m. Num.m. conj. N.m.
Acc.Sg. Acc.Sg. | Acc.Pl. Acc.Pl. | Acc.Pl.
|__________| | |______| | |
| | |_________|______|
| | |____|
|____________|________________|
|______|
|__________________________________________________

List of Abbreviations

veyyaggha+pabcamaj hantva anigho yati brahmano
| | | | | |
Adj. Adj.m. V.ger. Adj.m. V.act.in. N.m.
| Acc.Sg. | Nom.Sg. 3.Sg.pres. Nom.Sg.
|_____________| | |________| |
|_______________| |____________|
______________| |
|_______________________________|

Vocabulary and Grammar:
List of Abbreviations

mataraj: matar-, N.f.: mother. Acc.Sg. = mataraj.

pitaraj pitar-, N.m.: father. Acc.Sg. = pitaraj.

hantva, V.ger.: having killed. The verb root is han-.

rajano: rajan-, N.m.: king. Acc.Pl. = rajano.

dve: dvi-, Num.: two. Acc.Pl.m. = dve.

ca, conj.: and.

sotthiye: sotthiya-, N.m.: learned man, a Brahmin. Acc.Pl. = sotthiye.

List of Abbreviations

veyyagghapabcamaj: veyyagghapabcama-, Adj.: with a tiger as fifth. It is a compound of:
veyyagha-, Adj.: belonging to a tiger. It is derived from the word vyaggha-, N.m.: tiger.
pabcama-, Adj.: fifth. It is derived from the word pabca-, Num.: five.
Acc.Sg.m. = veyyaghapabcamaj.

hantva: see above.

anigho: anigha-, Adj.: undisturbed, calm. The etymology of this word is doubtful. Probably it is derived from the verb root igh- (to tremble, to rage) with the negative prefix an-. Nom.Sg.m. = anigho.

yati, V.: goes, pursues. The verb root is ya- (to go). 3.Sg.in.act.pres. = yati.

brahmano: brahmana-, N.m.: Brahmin, a holy man. Nom.Sg. = brahmano.

List of Abbreviations

The subject is the noun brahmano (Brahmin, nominative singular). The verb is yati (goes, 3rd person, singular, active, indicative, present tense). The object is the adjective anigho (undisturbed, nominative singular). There are two clauses dependent on this main sentence:
1) mataraj pitaraj hantva rajano dve ca sotthiye (having killed mother, father and two Brahmin kings). The subject is omitted, implying the subject of the main sentence, the noun brahmano. The verb is in gerund, hantva (having killed). There are three objects, the nouns mataraj (mother, accusative singular), pitaraj (father, accusative singular) and rajano (kings, accusative plural). This last word has two attributes, the noun sotthiye (Brahmin, accusative plural) and the numeral dve (two, accusative plural). The conjunction ca (and) connects the last object to the two preceding ones.
2) veyyagghapabcamaj hantva (having killed the tiger as fifth). The subject is omitted, implying the subject of the main sentence, the noun brahmano. The verb is in gerund, hantva (having killed). The object is the compound veyyagghapabcamaj (having the tiger as fifth, accusative singular).

Commentary:

The story for this verse is identical with the story for the previous one (DhP 294).
Here, the Brahmin kings are a simile for two extreme views. The "tiger as fifth" is taken to mean the five mental hindrances. These are: sense-desire (kamacchanda), ill-will (vyapada), sloth and torpor (thina-middha), restlessness and scruples (uddhacca-kukkucca) and skeptical doubt (vicikiccha).

Sentence pronunciation:

Sentence pronunciation

Word pronunciation:

mataraj
pitaraj
hantva
rajano
dve
ca
sotthiye
veyyagghapabcamaj
veyyaggha
pabcamaj
anigho
yati
brahmano