Gatha | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation

List of Abbreviations

> # idha modati pecca modati katapubbo ubhayattha modati

# so modati so pamodati disva kammavisuddhim attano

# (DhP 16)

Translation:

He rejoices here, he rejoices after death, in both states does the well-doer rejoice.
He rejoices, he is happy, having seen his own good deeds.

Sentence Structure:
List of Abbreviations

idha modati pecca modati kata+pubbo ubhayattha modati
| | | | | | | |
Adv. V.act.in. V.ger. V.act.in. Adj. N.m. Adv. V.act.in.
| 3.Sg.pres. | 3.Sg.pres. | Nom.Sg. | 3.Sg.pres.
|________| |_______| |_____| |_________|
|_______________| |_______________|
|____________________________| List of Abbreviations

so modati so pamodati disva kamma+visuddhim attano
| | | | | | | |
Pron.m. V.act.in. Pron.m. V.act.in. V.ger. N.n. N.f. N.m.
Nom.Sg. 3.Sg.pres. Nom.Sg. 3.Sg.pres. | | Acc.Sg. Gen.Sg.
|___________| |_________| | |_______| |
|___________________| | |___________|
| |______________|
|______________________________|

Vocabulary and Grammar:
List of Abbreviations

idha, Adv.: here, in this world.

modati, V.: to rejoice, to be happy. The verb root mud-. 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = modati.

pecca, V.: after death. It is a ger. of the verb i- (to go) with the prefix pa- (directional prefix of forward motion). This verb means literally "to go over", it is used as an euphemism for "to die".

katapubbo: katapubba-, N.m.: a good man, one who has done good deeds. A compound of:
kata-, Adj.: done. A p.p. of kar- (to do).
pubba-, N.n.: good deed, meritorious deed, merit.
Nom.Sg. = katapubbo.

List of Abbreviations

ubhayattha, Adv.: in both cases.

so: tad-, pron.: it. Masculine form: so. Nom.Sg. = so.

pamodati, V.: to rejoice, to be happy, to be glad, to be satisfied. The verb root mud- with the strengthening prefix pa-. 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = pamodati.

disva, V.: having seen. A ger. from the verb dis-, to see.

kammavisuddhim: kammavisuddhi-, N.n.: good deed. A compound of:
kamma-, N.n.: deed, action. Derived from the verb kar- (to do).
visuddhi-, N.f.: brightness, purity, virtue.
Acc.Sg. = kammavisuddhim.

attano, attan-, N.m.: self. Gen.Sg. = attano (one's own).

List of Abbreviations

The first line consists of loosely connected sentences. They are:

1) idha modati ([the well-doer] rejoices here). Here the subject is omitted (it is the word katapubbo from the third sentence). The verb modati (rejoices) is in 3rd person singular, present tense, active voice, indicative. The adverb idha (here) is an attribute to the verb.

2) pecca modati ([the well-doer] rejoices after death). Again, the subject is the word
katapubbo from the following sentence. The verb is modati (as above). The gerund pecca (having gone) is an attribute to the verb.

3) katapubbo ubhayattha modati (the well-doer rejoices in both states). The subject of this sentence (and of the two previous ones) is the word katapubbo (well-doer). It is in nominative singular. The verb is modati (explained above). The adverb ubhayattha (in both places) serves as an attribute to the verb.

The second line consists of two segments:

1) so modati so pamodati (he rejoices, he is happy). These two sentences are paratactic. They bot have the word so (he, nominative singular) as a subject and verbs modati (rejoices,
3rd person singular, present tense, active voice, indicative) and pamodati (is happy, 3rd person singular, present tense, active voice, indicative) respectively.

2) disva kammavisudhim attano (having seen his own good deeds). This clause is subordinated to the previous one. It is introduced by the verb disva (having seen, gerund). The word kammavisuddhim (good deeds, accusative singular) forms an object. The word attano (one's own, genitive singular) is an attribute to the object.

Commentary:
In direct contrast to the verse 15 (see), if we commit good deeds, helping all living beings in different ways, we will not only be happy in this life, having the satisfaction of doing good deeds, but we will also obtain a favorable rebirth. So, when we see our good deeds, we rejoice in the knowledge thereof.

Sentence pronunciation:

Sentence pronunciation

Word pronunciation:

idha
modati
pecca
katapubbo
ubhayattha
so
pamodati
disva
kammavisuddhim
attano